Cancer is a complex and diverse group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. It can affect various organs and tissues, and there are numerous types of cancer. Here is a brief overview of some common types of cancer:

Breast Cancer: Breast cancer forms in the breast tissue and is most commonly seen in women, although it can also affect men. It typically presents as a lump or thickening in the breast or changes in breast shape or appearance.

Lung Cancer: Lung cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow and multiply in the lungs. It is often associated with smoking but can also affect non-smokers. Common symptoms include a persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, and weight loss.

Colorectal Cancer: Colorectal cancer affects the colon or rectum and usually develops from polyps, small growths on the inner lining of the large intestine. Symptoms may include changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and unexplained weight loss.

Prostate Cancer: Prostate cancer develops in the prostate gland, a small walnut-shaped organ in men that produces seminal fluid. It is one of the most common cancers in men and may cause urinary problems, erectile dysfunction, or blood in the urine or semen.

Liver Cancer: Liver cancer, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma, originates in the cells of the liver. It is commonly associated with underlying liver disease, such as chronic hepatitis B or C infection, cirrhosis, or excessive alcohol consumption. Symptoms can include abdominal pain or swelling, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), unexplained weight loss, and fatigue.

Skin Cancer (Melanoma): Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops in melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing the pigment melanin. It is often associated with excessive sun exposure or tanning bed use and can manifest as a new mole or changes in an existing mole.

Ovarian Cancer: Ovarian cancer affects the ovaries, the female reproductive organs that produce eggs. Symptoms may include abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating, and frequent urination. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the lack of specific early symptoms.

Leukemia: Leukemia is a cancer of the blood cells, particularly the white blood cells. It occurs when the bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells that multiply rapidly, interfering with the production of normal blood cells. Symptoms can include fatigue, infections, easy bruising or bleeding, and swollen lymph nodes.

Lymphoma: Lymphoma refers to cancers that originate in the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system. It can be classified as Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Symptoms may include enlarged lymph nodes, fatigue, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss.

Pancreatic Cancer: Pancreatic cancer affects the pancreas, an organ located in the abdomen that plays a crucial role in digestion and blood sugar regulation. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and can cause abdominal pain, weight loss, jaundice, and digestive problems.

Brain Tumours: Brain tumours can be cancerous (malignant) or noncancerous (benign) growths that develop within the brain or its surrounding structures. Symptoms can vary depending on the location and size of the tumour and may include headaches, seizures, cognitive changes, and balance problems.