Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects how the body processes glucose, the main source of energy for cells. It is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) due to a deficiency in insulin production or a resistance to insulin's effects. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels by facilitating the entry of glucose into cells.

There are three main types of diabetes:

Type 1 Diabetes: Type 1 diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile diabetes, usually develops in childhood or adolescence. It occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, individuals with Type 1 diabetes have little to no insulin production. They require daily insulin injections or use insulin pumps to manage their blood glucose levels.

Type 2 Diabetes: Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for about 90-95% of all diabetes cases. It typically develops in adulthood, but it can also affect younger individuals, especially those who are overweight or have a sedentary lifestyle. In Type 2 diabetes, the body becomes resistant to insulin, and the pancreas may not produce enough insulin to compensate for this resistance. This leads to a buildup of glucose in the bloodstream. Type 2 diabetes can often be managed through lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight loss. In some cases, oral medications or insulin injections may also be prescribed.

Gestational Diabetes: Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy when the body is unable to produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands placed on it. It usually develops in the second or third trimester and often resolves after childbirth. However, women who have had gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life. Gestational diabetes requires careful monitoring of blood glucose levels and may be managed with lifestyle changes or medication if necessary.

Symptoms:

Common symptoms of diabetes include:

• Increased thirst

• Frequent urination

• Unexplained weight loss

• Fatigue Blurred vision

• Slow wound healing