Infertility refers to the inability of a couple to conceive despite regular and unprotected sexual intercourse for a significant period, typically one year or longer. It affects both men and women and can be a distressing and emotionally challenging condition for those trying to start a family.

Causes of Infertility:

• Female Factors: Some common causes of female infertility include ovulation disorders, blocked fallopian tubes, uterine abnormalities, endometriosis, age-related decline in egg quantity and quality, and certain medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

• Male Factors: Male infertility can be caused by issues such as low sperm count, poor sperm motility (movement), abnormal sperm shape, blockages in the male reproductive system, hormonal imbalances, or certain genetic conditions.

• Combined Factors: Infertility can also result from a combination of male and female factors, making it more complex to diagnose and treat.

• Unexplained Infertility: In some cases, despite thorough evaluation, the cause of infertility remains unexplained, making it challenging to identify the specific reason for the couple's difficulty in conceiving.

Types of Infertility:

• Primary Infertility: Primary infertility refers to couples who have never been able to conceive a child despite attempting to do so for at least one year.

• Secondary Infertility: Secondary infertility occurs when a couple has previously conceived and had a child but is facing difficulty in conceiving again.